High demand for humans who can be used for cheap labor or sexual exploitation is one of the biggest causes of human trafficking. The need for the study arises because of the alarming rate of increase of child trafficking in nigeria. It shows that child trafficking is organized in phases starting in the source countries, and ending in. The growing awareness of human trafficking in the united states and abroad requires government and human services agencies to reevaluate old policies and develop new ones for identifying and. Pdf understanding child trafficking and its magnitude. Africa and south asia especially the mekong area are among the worst.
Child trafficking in eastern africa region a regional effort to protect the vulnerable. Forced child marriage is a lifechanging reality for many of the worlds girls. Causes of child trafficking in nigeria research cyber. Apr 08, 2016 causes of child trafficking in india friday 8 april 2016 while economic deprivation is an important reason behind child trafficking, but there are several catalysts that make it one of the most profitable crime businesses in the world. The first cause that has been the biggest contributor to this menace is the cheap labor that comes with child trafficking. The research is designed to view the immediate causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a selected place in oredo local government area in edo state. The causes and consequences of trafficking in bangladesh cannot be explicit in isolation from its historiocultural, geographical and socioeconomic viewpoint, and the present condition of women. Through the interviews it was found that, the root causes of trafficking in. Pdf root causes and solutions to human trafficking in ethiopia. Reponses to child trafficking efforts have been made to respond to child trafficking in the eastern.
Within unicef irc, data and analysis were provided by the child trafficking research project, and the initiative was. If you havent heard of child trafficking, child trafficking is a form of trafficking which deals with trafficking children under the age of 18 for exploitations reasons. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child marriage. In nigeria prone conflict zone, boko haram trafficked children and use them as soldiers and militias. The unemployment rate in india is very high with the united nations development programme estimating it to be at 3. Pdf india being a developing country is grappling with multiple economic and social problems. For numerous years, the reality of child trafficking has captured the attention of. Therefore in child trafficking, parents do not sell their children because they want to escape starvation but because of their greed. A major cause of child trafficking is child labour. Human trafficking is not a naturally occurring phenomenon. Although employment laws vary by state and industry, children are typically allowed to work legally when they are between 14 and 16 u. There are various causes of child trafficking like lack of employment, poverty, low level of education, a breakdown of social structure, etc.
Human trafficking is a universal problem, and one that is by no means easy to combat. Trafficking is a complex phenomenon that is often driven or influenced by social, economic, cultural and other factors. Some of the root causes of child trafficking in india are. Some as young as 8 or 9 are forced to trade their childhoods for a life that can be defined by isolation, violence and illness. In addition to this, there are not that many financial opportunities. Child trafficking is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation. In nigeria prone conflict zone, boko haram trafficked. R i president k r ravindran was astounded to discover at an international seminar on human trafficking, hosted jointly by the carter center and rotarians against child slavery at atlanta in may, that this beautiful, diverse, modern city, which will be home to our rotary convention two years from now is, according to. This definition comes from the united nations palermo protocol, which has been adopted by the uk and the majority of countries around the world, making it the internationally accepted definition of human trafficking. Child trafficking part i by erin foley in advocacy, children at risk, children in families, orphanage, rok kern six months ago, world news headlines highlighted the child trafficking and abuse in thailands fishing industry.
A majority of headlines focus on women and children falling victim to sex trafficking. Save the children india causes of child trafficking in india. Human trafficking is a form of modern slavery whereby humans are traded for the purpose of sexual slavery, forced labour or commercial sexual. Causes, effects and remedies abstract this study focuses on the causes, effects and remedies of child trafficking in nigeria using ijebuode local government area of ogun state as a case study. Risks and realities of child trafficking and exploitation in. Poverty is one of the main causes of child trafficking. Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government area of edo state abstract this project work is to evaluate the causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government edo state.
To effectively solve the problem of child trafficking in ghana the first important thing all concerned parties need to be aware of is the causes of child trafficking in the first place. In as much as poverty causes child trafficking in nigeria, greed also play very important role in child trafficking. Here in west africa, millions of youth are affected by this brutal, entrenched trade. It shows that child trafficking is organized in phases starting in the source countries, and ending in the destination countries were children are exploited. Poor families sometimes have no choice but to abandon their children, leaving them in the hands of traffickers. Children are trafficked as seasonal labour, in service sector jobs, as domestic help.
Human trafficking is the trade of recruiting, transporting, transferring, harbouring or receiving a person through the use of force, coercion or other means for the purpose of exploiting them. What are the root causes of child trafficking in ghana. Definitions of human trafficking home child welfare. Sep 23, 2018 on the causes and consequences of child trafficking as expressed by married and adults it was discovered that the major causes of child trafficking are high level of illiteracy among children, wide spread of poverty, desire to get richquiet on the part of many parentfamilies and inability of parents to provide well for their children and the. Trafficking in children is culturally entrenched in ghana, so unless concerted efforts are made to amend this situation, trafficking in children will likely remain a problem there for a long time to come. Psychological and social policy perspectives yvonne rafferty pace university abstract child traf.
Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria education. Poverty is an important factor which has increased women and childrens vulnerability to human traffickers particularly the poor and unemployed due to their willingness to join or their low level of awareness on the dangers associated. Create sustainable solutions for families and communities to address the root causes of young child trafficking. Causes of child trafficking in india friday 8 april 2016 while economic deprivation is an important reason behind child trafficking, but there are several catalysts that make it one of the most profitable crime businesses in the world. To fill this demand, people are sold or traded among human traffickers. But its also a symptom of other deeplyrooted, international challenges the refugee crisis, civil conflict, poverty, and more. Evidence from the iom human trafficking databasea,b alison jobec report prepared for the international organization for migration 2010 a this publication was made possible by the support provided by the united states department of state, under the terms of grant no. The root causes of trafficking are various and often differ from one country to another. According to the united nations office on drugs and crime, between 2010 and 2012, victims with 154 different citizenships were identified in 124 countries around the globe. The causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria. This study identifies the major causes of child trafficking that stand as a bottleneck in nigeria. Child sexual exploitation and trafficking the exploitation of children is addressed in the crc1, which states that, states parties shall take all appropriate legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to protect the child from all forms of physical or mental.
In relation to human trafficking and human rights, conflict theory aims to offer a broad explanation for why and how social inequality, power imbalance, and oppression are able to occur. Root causes of human trafficking human trafficking modernday slavery involves the use of force, fraud or coercion to control another person for purposes of exploitation. In seven states, the crime of human trafficking, including labor trafficking. Root causes and solutions to human trafficking in ethiopia article pdf available in international journal of science and research ijsr 38. Cau ses, effects and remedies abstract this study focuses on the causes, effects and remedies of child trafficking in nigeria using ijebuode local government area of ogun state as a case study. The paper assesses the causes that make children vulnerable to trafficking, the process of child trafficking, people who are participating in the trafficking process traffickers, and the effects. Trafficking of children is a form of human trafficking and is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, andor receipt kidnapping of a child for the purpose of slavery, forced labor and exploitation article 3c this definition is substantially wider than the same documents definition of trafficking in persons article 3a children may also be trafficked for the. Ignorance and illiteracy behind human trafficking rotary. Niewiarowska international relations honors thesis new york university spring 2015 there are over 21 million victims of human trafficking worldwide. Current patterns of child trafficking in west and central africa although, child trafficking is a global problem, the practice is particularly widespread in some regions. More specifically the study explores the roots causes of trafficking by assessing the situation of child trafficking in ghana. This is also one of the factors that causes child trafficking in nigeria. But we are not limited to merely bearing the dehumanizing and tragic effects of trafficking. Jul 30, 2019 human trafficking is an epidemic in and of itself.
Causes of child trafficking poverty is central to both push and pull factors. Sexism, racism, and classism are often contributors to human rights violations, as highlighted in the case of child brides, sex trafficking, organ trafficking. Background paper for unicef report on state of the worlds. After an earthquake, people of good will race in to mitigate the effects of the disaster, but they cannot stop the earthquake itself. According to indias 2008 integrated plan of action to prevent and combat human trafficking, the scale of the problem is enormous both in the number of. Human trafficking is a global problemand one of the fastest growing criminal industries in the world, even though it is illegal in every country. Because people had fail to recognize the effect if would bring to the state. Causes and effects of human trafficking in cambodia there are many causes of human trafficking in cambodia. Human trafficking is the fastestgrowing criminal industry in the world, second in size only to drug trafficking.
The root cause of trafficking is traffickers human. The root causes of trafficking are complex and often. Trafficking of children is a form of human trafficking and is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, andor receipt kidnapping of a child for the purpose of slavery, forced labor and exploitation article 3c this definition is substantially wider than the same documents definition of trafficking in persons. Causes and consequences of child trafficking in nigeria. It is a challenge and longterm goal in many countries to abolish all forms of child labour. Ri president k r ravindran with former us president jimmy carter. Conflict is a push factor for trafficking, migration and poverty. Human trafficking meaning, causes and effects of human. This paper examines the phenomenon and causes of child trafficking from yemen and afghanistan to saudi arabia and the united arab emirates in the gulf countries. On the causes and consequences of child trafficking as expressed by married and adults it was discovered that the major causes of child trafficking are high level of illiteracy among children, wide spread of poverty, desire to get richquiet on the part of many parentfamilies and inability of parents to provide well for their children and the. Investigating human trafficking types causes and effects. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child. Combating the exploitation and abuse of lao children is an important and crucial priority and action is being taken to address the root causes, to provide protection.
Poverty also causes a large increase in the number of street children and orphans. Ensure that families, service providers, child protection bodies and local authorities understand child rights, child development and child protection particularly in relation to young child trafficking. Human trafficking is the sale or trade of human beings, and it is considered to be a modern form of slavery. Pdf child trafficking as a profitable crime in ethiopia. Child trafficking committees then took up the repatriation and reintegration of the girl. Child trafficking, ghana, root causes, law enforcement. Causes of child trafficking lund university publications.
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